Metabolic
SS-31
Mitochondria-Targeted Tetrapeptide
Scientific Overview
SS-31, also called elamipretide, is a synthetic tetrapeptide studied for association with cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is a mitochondria-targeted research peptide, not a growth-hormone analog.
Mechanism focus: Reviews describe membrane binding, effects on mitochondrial readouts, and use in cellular stress models. Mechanism papers focus on the inner membrane rather than on endocrine receptors.
Research Use Cases
- Mitochondrial membrane assays
- Cardiolipin-interaction studies
- Cellular stress models involving mitochondria
- Comparison with other mitochondria-targeted peptides
Use-Case Study Notations
- Case-study notation: reviews summarize elamipretide structure and proposed mitochondrial mechanism.
- Case-study notation (preclinical): cell and mouse papers examine SS-31 in mitochondrial stress models.
- MOTS-c is a different mitochondrial peptide. The two sequences are not interchangeable.
Selected Studies (English, PubMed)
Five peer-reviewed sources indexed on PubMed. Links open the PubMed record for verification.
- Elamipretide: A Review of Its Structure, Mechanism of Action, and Therapeutic Potential — PubMed 39940712
- Elamipretide (SS-31) improves mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic and memory impairment induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice — PubMed 31747905
- SS-31@Fer-1 Alleviates ferroptosis in hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes via mitochondrial targeting — PubMed 39848110
- Elamipretide: First Approval — PubMed 41335372
- Long-term efficacy and safety of elamipretide in patients with Barth syndrome: 168-week open-label extension results of TAZPOWER — PubMed 38602181
Related compounds
Research Use Only. This page is educational and intended for laboratory research context. Products are not for human consumption and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.